Who was Eric Arthur Blain? Think 1984 (book? film?)

Never hear of him? How about George Orwell? Orwell was the nom de plume of Eric Arthur Blain, and Blain/Orwell wrote numerous works. He’s most remembered by Animal House and 1984.👀

Eric Arthur Blain, nom de plume of George Orwell

Born in India in June 1903 where his father was a member of the India Civil Service, he was brought up in the UK, attending St. Cyprian’s School from 1911 to 1916, and Eton College from 1917-1921. Rather than attend university, he became an officer in the Imperial Police (later known as the Indian Police Service), working in a number of posts in Burma. He resigned while on leave in England after a bout of Dengue Fever, and began his writing career. Orwell wrote a number of books, as well as essays, poetry, and worked as a journalist in both Britain and France. During the Spanish Civil War he served with the International Brigade, where he was badly wounded by a bullet in throat in May 1937. During World War II he wasn’t “fit for service” because of his medical issues, but worked for the BBC’s Eastern Service, broadcasting to India. It was after the war that Blain/Orwell wrote tow pf his most famous books–Animal Farm published in 1945 and 1984 published in 1949. He died in January 1950 from tuberculosis which he’d originally received in the hospital in Spain.

Ever read 1984? I read it in high school. Great book. Then we had to read it again in college. And it was an even better book then, because four years can make a big difference. We had much more general knowledge, and when we read carefully, we could look beyond the story plot. We had a better understanding of what Orwell’s dystopian novel was getting at–things like free expression and mass surveillance. 👀

Then can the movie, 1984–premiered in the UK in 1984. John Hurt, Richard Burton, Suzanne Hamilton and Cyril Cusack starred in the film which received a BAFTA nomination. It followed the novel closely, leaving those of us who watched it thinking seriously about the ways that truth and free speech can be manipulated in a variety of ways.👀 I was teaching my then, and had a great group of grad students who stopped after class one day to discuss the movie, and the parallels between the film’s “Thought Police” 👀 and the “re-education camps” of Pol Pot and China’s Cultural Revolution.👀 It was an excellent discussion, and since then, I’ve often included either the book or movie 1984 in specific syllabi.

For the past five or so years, I’ve required either the movie or the book each year. Why? Because I‘ve been seeing a noticeable shift away from free speech. I’ve been hearing too many people, not only in seminars but even with people I’ve known for years, trying to shout people down.👀 In some areas, books have been banned from libraries.👀 Recently, the university where I earned my Ph.D. tried (but ultimately failed) to fire a professor simply because they didn’t like some of his comments and seminar questions. That’s sounding a lot like the Thought Police👀 from 1984, isn’t it?

Unless I’ve missed something, we still follow all of the Constitution, including the First Amendment that provides free speech for all, not just those who agree with us. Prior generations in my extended family came here to get away from surveillance,👀 intolerance,👀 and suppression.👀 What I heard from the time I was a child, and what I tried to teach my children, was that, “while I disagree with what you say, I will defend to the death your right to say it”—and some of them did just that! I would hope that more of us will remember how important truly free speech is. And if you need a refreshed, take a look at 1984–👀book or movie, it doesn’t matter which.

Doc–I’m done–I need HELP 😫

About two weeks ago I was working on a new post when one of my former grad students called me. Normally a calm, thoughtful man who always seems to have a plan and a back-up, he sounded harassed–and with no plan.😕 I told him to take a deep breath and tell me how I could help. I suspect that some of you will understand his problem, or something similar to it.

He has two teenagers, and when school went online in March he and his wife made sure that the children were “going to school,” and completing all their tests and papers. No one was happy. The kids enjoy school and missed their classes and friends–even their teachers. Mom and Dad made sure that the kids did what they should, but both parents were working 12-14 hour days seven days a week trying keep their small business alive. School ended in late May,🤓 and thankfully the parents were able to pivot and keep the business above water. When school started again, Dad was able to spend a little time taking a really good look at what the kids were learning. In fact, this was the first time in years that he really checked to see what the school is teaching the kids. He just assumed that they were providing good content. Math and science are fine, and French is well done, but both parents are furious with what they found in English and History. No great books like Macbeth, or 1984. No good books like Pride and Prejudice or A Farewell to Arms. All current books with a very clear point of view.😠 But the reason he called me was because he started reading their US history textbook, A People’s History of the United States by Howard Zinn. What did I think of it.

Me: “Well, I do have some thoughts, but you know that I keep my thoughts to myself . You really should decide for yourselves once you’ve read through the material.”

Him: “You always did Doc, but I’m specifically asking. I am DONE with what they’re teaching my kids. I need some help!!”

Me: “Ok… (deep breath)… Zinn wrote a one-dimensional book, not looking at anything in the context of the times. He had a doctrinaire point of view–what I consider a hard left bent which I never used for my classes. A textbook should contain facts. Some may be a little dull but they need to be inclusive. His book seems to contain only the facts he prefers.”

Him: Thank goodness! I thought it was just me!!!😨

No, it wasn’t just him. While Zinn’s book have something of a cult following, many other people–and not just professors–find the book seriously flawed. First published in 1980, it was initially used as a college text, and in the past 10 or so years has shown up in high schools. It is a biased book, based largely on secondary sources. Rather than a thoughtful history text, it reads more like a crusade, with few heroes, but many villains from the Pilgrims to the 21st century. Important information is frequently left out or is a side note or throw-away comment. Apparently the Founding Documents were put together strictly for economic motives?!?! The rest of the book follows in the same vein. If it’s your first real foray into history, well, you have no comparison. Add to that the sad fact that kids frequently believe the teacher rather than their parents. How many times have you heard “But the teacher said…?! I can easily understand why my friend was upset!

Regardless of a professor’s personal beliefs, it’s important that we teach our students the facts–ALL of the facts, not just the one’s we prefer–and stand back to allow them to decide for themselves what they believe. Too many professors do everything possible to basically indoctrinate their students–and Zinn’s book is a big part of it. When presented with a different point of view it is made clear that grades would be effected if someone doesn’t follow the party line. Shame on those teachers! It sound very much like what my friends who left Russia, Hungary, Albania, Czechoslovakia, and Cuba say about their schools.

The Dad asked me if I knew any of the kind of books that he’s looking for. I suggested Paul Johnson’s A History of the American People which is a thoughtful, measured book discussing topics from various points of view. Apparently he and a number of the other parents discussed their problems with the school board, and were told that is what children learn in that district. With that, the parents spent a wild week setting up their own “bubble” for twelve children and a teacher who believes in actual teaching. He promised to keep me posted. Interestingly, there are a number of families across the country who are doing similar things, from bubbles, to home schooling to the old one-room school house. And good for them! I always thought that parents are in charge, not the state or the teachers’ union.

Some of “Doc’s” ancient books